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The recording includes a tune which, as it emerges from discography, was quite popular in the Greek-speaking repertoire. According to the information available so far, eight performances of it have been identified in Greek historical discography, either in instrumental form or in the form of a song, with the following titles:
– "Ena karav' apo ti Chio", Alessios-Defilippis' Mandolin Quartet, New York, April 5, 1916 (Victor B-17212-3 – 67864-B), adapted by Ilias Alesios.
– "Karavi Chiotiko", Makrygiannis Trio [Georgios Makrygiannis or Nisyrios (violin), Vasileios Katsetos (lute), G. Klosteridis (santur)], New York, January 9, 1918 (Victor Β 21347-1 – 72213-Α).
– "Ena karavi apo ti Chio", Takis Nikolaou [Tetos Dimitriadis] – Choir, New York, April 25, 1927 (Victor CVE 38491 – 68842-B).
– "Syrtos", Stefos (harmonica) and unknown (guitar, castanets), probably Constantinople (Istanbul), August 18, 1927 (Homocord 518 T – G. 28010).
– "Karavi ena apo ti Chio", Giorgos Vidalis, Athens, 1927 (Odeon GO 469 – GA 1229).
– "Ena karavi apo ti Chio", Viktoria Mitrou – Α. Pongis' orchestra, USA, 1948 (Panhellenic P-169-A).
– "Ena karavi apo ti Chio", Anna and Aimilia Chatzidaki – Stamatis Chadzidakis' orchestra, Athens, January 27, 1950 (His Master's Voice OGA 1569-1 – AO-2913 and reissued by RCA Victor [26-8253-A]), as composition by Stamatis Chadzidakis.
– "Ena karavi apo ti Chio", Stella Gkreka – Giorgos Vitalis' orchestra, USA, 1950 (Liberty 107 and reissued under the title «Ena karavi ap' ti Chio» by Attikon [Att-137 – 441-B]).
The musical score of the song is included in Louis-Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray's collection "Trente mélodies populaires de Grèce et d'Orient", which was published in 1877 in Paris by Henry Lemoine et Cie (see here) as well as in the publication "I mousiki ton Ellinon os diesothi apo ton archaiotaton chronon mechri tis simeron" (Arion. The music of the Greeks as preserved from ancient times to the present day) by Adamantios Remantas and Prokopios D. Zacharias, with the title "I axia tou filiou". It was released in 1917, in Athens, by Epam. Zagkouroglou (see here). It was also published in a musical score under the title "To karavi" by the Michail Konstantinidis publishing house as a composition by A. Scheiller (see here) and in a transcription by Zozef Veloudios by the publishing house of the same name (see here).
According to Thodoros Chatzipantazis – Lila Maraka (1977, 3: 340), a parody of the song by Theofrastos Sakellaridis was included in the revue "Panathinaia" of 1911, written by Bampis Anninos – Giorgos Tsokopoulos and set to music – mainly arrangements of foreign melodies – by Theofrastos Sakellaridis. More specifically, it is included in act III, scene VI, in the act that referred to the performances of Spyros Samaras' opera "Rea", the plot of which unfolds in the Genoese-occupied island of Chios around 1400. The authors report the following in this regard (ibid. p. 338, point 1):
"In May 1911, an Italian melodramatic troupe touring the Mediterranean arrived in Athens from Egypt. Among the operas it staged at the 'Municipal Theater' was 'Rea', by the Greek composer Spyros Samaras. Samaras, who was living in Italy, came to Athens especially to conduct the orchestra at the premiere. The small Athenian society was particularly flattered by the fact that a European troupe was performing a work by a Greek musician, among the creations of Puccini and Richard Strauss. The newspapers were filled with photographs and interviews of Samaras and the composer became the man of the hour. Of course, the revue 'Panathinea' could not ignore the issue and dedicated an act to 'Rea'. The act was a huge success, which was mainly due to Emm. Kantiotis, who imitated Samaras. After the premiere, the real Samaras went on stage to congratulate his lookalike, having only one complaint that he was presented more bald than he was and that he was dressed in a black tie and tailcoat, a combination that was unacceptable from the point of view of etiquette!".
The revue premiered on June 23, 1911 at the "Nea Skini" theater by the Nikas - Fürst - Lepeniotis troupe. The musical score of Sakellaridis' parody was published in Athens by the K. Mystakidis – Th. Efstathiadis publishing house under the title "I Rea".
The song was a source of inspiration for scholar composers. Nikos Skalkottas (Chalkida, March 21, 1904 – Athens, September 19, 1949) draws musical material for “Chiotikos”, no. 8 of the second of the three series of twelve dances that make up the emblematic “36 Ellinikoi choroi” (36 Greek Dances) for orchestra. The first recording of the entire cycle of the "36 Greek Dances" as a single work, which Skalkkotas began composing in 1931 in Berlin and completed in 1936 in Athens, was made in Sverdlovsk, Russia, in 1990, 54 years after their composition, by the Ural State Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Vyronas Fidetzis (2CDs, "36 Ellinikoi Choroi", Lyra 0053-53). Handwritten musical scores of the work are uploaded to the Great Music Library of Greece "Lilian Voudouri", where the Nikos Skalkottas archive (see here) is kept (see here). For more information regarding the "36 Greek Dances" by Nikos Skalkottas, see here).
Between 1881–1884, the Russian composer Alexander Glazunov [St. Petersburg, July 29 (August 10), 1865 – Paris, March 21, 1936] completed the "Overture No. 1 on Three Greek Themes, Op. 3" for symphony orchestra. The musical themes from which he drew material come from the collection "Trente mélodies populaires de Grèce et d'Orient". It includes melodies collected and harmonized by the French composer Louis Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray, to whom the work is dedicated to, during his trip to Greece in 1875 (see in detail the extremely interesting text by Giorgos Kokkonis, 2017d: 13-47). One of the melodies processed by the composer is that of the song "Ena karavi apo ti Chio", which in Bourgault-Ducoudray's collection is untitled and labeled as number 25 (see here). The other two melodies from Bourgault-Ducoudray's collection are numbers 1 ["Ainte koimisou, kori mou"] (see here, here and here] and 20 ["Ta matakia sou ta mavra", see here and here).
In 1940–1941, the German-Jewish composer Berthold Goldschmidt (Hamburg, January 18, 1903 – London, October 17, 1996) completed the "Greek Suite" for orchestra. The eight-movement suite consists of arrangements of an equal number of Greek popular melodies, which probably come from the publication "Trente mélodies populaires de Grèce et d'Orient" by Louis-Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray. Among them is the melody of the song "Ena karavi apo ti Chio" on which the eighth and final movement "Allegrο Moderato" is based.
Seven decades later, in 2011, the band The Inheritance from Austin, Texas, released the album "Kalimera". This album includes the instrumental "Hiotikos", which is based on the musical tune in question.
Tags: 1920s, Dimotiko (Folk), Recordings in the USA, Asia Minor, Choir, Victor
The recording includes a tune which, as it emerges from discography, was quite popular in the Greek-speaking repertoire. According to the information available so far, eight performances of it have been identified in Greek historical discography, either in instrumental form or in the form of a song, with the following titles:
– "Ena karav' apo ti Chio", Alessios-Defilippis' Mandolin Quartet, New York, April 5, 1916 (Victor B-17212-3 – 67864-B), adapted by Ilias Alesios.
– "Karavi Chiotiko", Makrygiannis Trio [Georgios Makrygiannis or Nisyrios (violin), Vasileios Katsetos (lute), G. Klosteridis (santur)], New York, January 9, 1918 (Victor Β 21347-1 – 72213-Α).
– "Ena karavi apo ti Chio", Takis Nikolaou [Tetos Dimitriadis] – Choir, New York, April 25, 1927 (Victor CVE 38491 – 68842-B).
– "Syrtos", Stefos (harmonica) and unknown (guitar, castanets), probably Constantinople (Istanbul), August 18, 1927 (Homocord 518 T – G. 28010).
– "Karavi ena apo ti Chio", Giorgos Vidalis, Athens, 1927 (Odeon GO 469 – GA 1229).
– "Ena karavi apo ti Chio", Viktoria Mitrou – Α. Pongis' orchestra, USA, 1948 (Panhellenic P-169-A).
– "Ena karavi apo ti Chio", Anna and Aimilia Chatzidaki – Stamatis Chadzidakis' orchestra, Athens, January 27, 1950 (His Master's Voice OGA 1569-1 – AO-2913 and reissued by RCA Victor [26-8253-A]), as composition by Stamatis Chadzidakis.
– "Ena karavi apo ti Chio", Stella Gkreka – Giorgos Vitalis' orchestra, USA, 1950 (Liberty 107 and reissued under the title «Ena karavi ap' ti Chio» by Attikon [Att-137 – 441-B]).
The musical score of the song is included in Louis-Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray's collection "Trente mélodies populaires de Grèce et d'Orient", which was published in 1877 in Paris by Henry Lemoine et Cie (see here) as well as in the publication "I mousiki ton Ellinon os diesothi apo ton archaiotaton chronon mechri tis simeron" (Arion. The music of the Greeks as preserved from ancient times to the present day) by Adamantios Remantas and Prokopios D. Zacharias, with the title "I axia tou filiou". It was released in 1917, in Athens, by Epam. Zagkouroglou (see here). It was also published in a musical score under the title "To karavi" by the Michail Konstantinidis publishing house as a composition by A. Scheiller (see here) and in a transcription by Zozef Veloudios by the publishing house of the same name (see here).
According to Thodoros Chatzipantazis – Lila Maraka (1977, 3: 340), a parody of the song by Theofrastos Sakellaridis was included in the revue "Panathinaia" of 1911, written by Bampis Anninos – Giorgos Tsokopoulos and set to music – mainly arrangements of foreign melodies – by Theofrastos Sakellaridis. More specifically, it is included in act III, scene VI, in the act that referred to the performances of Spyros Samaras' opera "Rea", the plot of which unfolds in the Genoese-occupied island of Chios around 1400. The authors report the following in this regard (ibid. p. 338, point 1):
"In May 1911, an Italian melodramatic troupe touring the Mediterranean arrived in Athens from Egypt. Among the operas it staged at the 'Municipal Theater' was 'Rea', by the Greek composer Spyros Samaras. Samaras, who was living in Italy, came to Athens especially to conduct the orchestra at the premiere. The small Athenian society was particularly flattered by the fact that a European troupe was performing a work by a Greek musician, among the creations of Puccini and Richard Strauss. The newspapers were filled with photographs and interviews of Samaras and the composer became the man of the hour. Of course, the revue 'Panathinea' could not ignore the issue and dedicated an act to 'Rea'. The act was a huge success, which was mainly due to Emm. Kantiotis, who imitated Samaras. After the premiere, the real Samaras went on stage to congratulate his lookalike, having only one complaint that he was presented more bald than he was and that he was dressed in a black tie and tailcoat, a combination that was unacceptable from the point of view of etiquette!".
The revue premiered on June 23, 1911 at the "Nea Skini" theater by the Nikas - Fürst - Lepeniotis troupe. The musical score of Sakellaridis' parody was published in Athens by the K. Mystakidis – Th. Efstathiadis publishing house under the title "I Rea".
The song was a source of inspiration for scholar composers. Nikos Skalkottas (Chalkida, March 21, 1904 – Athens, September 19, 1949) draws musical material for “Chiotikos”, no. 8 of the second of the three series of twelve dances that make up the emblematic “36 Ellinikoi choroi” (36 Greek Dances) for orchestra. The first recording of the entire cycle of the "36 Greek Dances" as a single work, which Skalkkotas began composing in 1931 in Berlin and completed in 1936 in Athens, was made in Sverdlovsk, Russia, in 1990, 54 years after their composition, by the Ural State Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Vyronas Fidetzis (2CDs, "36 Ellinikoi Choroi", Lyra 0053-53). Handwritten musical scores of the work are uploaded to the Great Music Library of Greece "Lilian Voudouri", where the Nikos Skalkottas archive (see here) is kept (see here). For more information regarding the "36 Greek Dances" by Nikos Skalkottas, see here).
Between 1881–1884, the Russian composer Alexander Glazunov [St. Petersburg, July 29 (August 10), 1865 – Paris, March 21, 1936] completed the "Overture No. 1 on Three Greek Themes, Op. 3" for symphony orchestra. The musical themes from which he drew material come from the collection "Trente mélodies populaires de Grèce et d'Orient". It includes melodies collected and harmonized by the French composer Louis Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray, to whom the work is dedicated to, during his trip to Greece in 1875 (see in detail the extremely interesting text by Giorgos Kokkonis, 2017d: 13-47). One of the melodies processed by the composer is that of the song "Ena karavi apo ti Chio", which in Bourgault-Ducoudray's collection is untitled and labeled as number 25 (see here). The other two melodies from Bourgault-Ducoudray's collection are numbers 1 ["Ainte koimisou, kori mou"] (see here, here and here] and 20 ["Ta matakia sou ta mavra", see here and here).
In 1940–1941, the German-Jewish composer Berthold Goldschmidt (Hamburg, January 18, 1903 – London, October 17, 1996) completed the "Greek Suite" for orchestra. The eight-movement suite consists of arrangements of an equal number of Greek popular melodies, which probably come from the publication "Trente mélodies populaires de Grèce et d'Orient" by Louis-Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray. Among them is the melody of the song "Ena karavi apo ti Chio" on which the eighth and final movement "Allegrο Moderato" is based.
Seven decades later, in 2011, the band The Inheritance from Austin, Texas, released the album "Kalimera". This album includes the instrumental "Hiotikos", which is based on the musical tune in question.
Tags: 1920s, Dimotiko (Folk), Recordings in the USA, Asia Minor, Choir, Victor
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